Horticulture deals with Floriculture, Olericulture and Pomology. Ornamental horticulture is the important branch in horticulture.

Floriculture

Floriculture is a discipline of horticulture concerned with the cultivation of flowering for gardens. The development plant breeding of new varieties is a major occupation of floriculturists. Floriculture crops include bedding plants, flowering plants, foliage plants or houseplants, cut cultivated greens, and cut flowers. As distinguished from nursery crops, floriculture crops are generally herbaceous. Bedding and garden plants consist of young flowering plants. They are grown in cell packs, in pots, or in hanging baskets, usually inside a controlled environment, and sold largely for gardens and landscaping. Geraniums, impatiens, and petunias are the best-selling bedding plants. Flowering plants are largely sold in pots for indoor use. The major flowering plants are poinsettias, orchids, florist chrysanthemums, and finished florist azaleas. Foliage plants are also sold in pots and hanging baskets for indoor and patio use, including larger specimens for office, hotel, and restaurant interiors. Cut flowers are usually sold in bunches or as bouquets with cut foliage. The production of cut flowers is specifically known as the cut flower industry. Farming flowers and foliage employs special aspects of floriculture, such as spacing, training and pruning plants for optimal flower harvest; and post-harvest treatment such as chemical treatments, storage, preservation and packaging.

Pomology

Pomology is a branch of botany that studies and cultivates fruits. The pomological researches are mainly focused on the development of and the cultural techniques and physiological studies in fruit trees. The goals of fruit tree improvement include enhancement of fruit quality, regulation of production periods, and reduction of production cost.

Landscape Horticulture

Landscape horticulture involves the investigation and designed response to the landscape. The scope of the profession includes architectural design, site planning, environmental restoraton, town or urban planning, parks and recreation planning. The history of landscape architecture is related to the history of gardening but is not coextensive. Both arts are concerned with the composition of planting, landform, water, paving and other structures but garden design is essentially concerned with enclosed private space (parks, gardens etc) and landscape design is concerned with the design of enclosed space, as well as unenclosed space which is open to the public (town squares, country parks, park systems, greenways etc). Landscape architecture continues to develop as a design discipline, and has responded to many of the movements of design and architecture through the 20th century. Today, a healthy level of innovation continues to provide challenging design solutions for streetscapes, parks and gardens. Landscape architecture is a multi-disciplinary field, which includes: geography, mathematics, science, engineering, art, horticulture, technology, social sciences, politics, history, philosophy and more recently, ecology. The activities of a landscape architect can range from the creation of public parks and parkways to site planning for corporate office buildings, from the design of residential estates to the design of civil infrastructure and the management of large wilderness areas or reclamation of degraded landscapes such as mines or landfills. Landscape architects work on all types of structures and external space - large or small, urban or rural, and with "hard"/"soft" materials, hydrology and ecological issues. The breadth of the professional task that landscape architects collaborate on is very broad, but some examples of project types include: The planning, form, scale and siting of new developments; Civil design and public infrastructure; Stormwater management including rain gardens, green roofs and treatment wetlands; Campus and site design for institutions; Parks, botanical gardens, arboretums, greenways, and nature preserves; Recreation facilities like golf courses, theme parks and sports facilities; Housing areas, industrial parks and commercial developments; Highways, transportation structures, bridges, and transit corridors; Urban design, town and city squares, waterfronts, pedestrian schemes, and parking lots; Large or small urban regeneration schemes; Forest, tourist or historic landscapes, and historic garden appraisal and conservation studies; Reservoirs, dams, power station, reclamation of extractive industry applications or major industrial projects; Environmental assessment and landscape assessment, planning advice and land management proposals; Coastal and offshore developments; Ecological Design any form of design that minimizes environmentally destructive impacts by integrating itself with natural processes.

Homestead Gardening

Gowesherpur Model
In this model nine places of homestead are being used. This model is showing below-
1. Open land bedBed

i: --- Radish (Rabi) ---------- Stem Amaranth (Kharif 1) ---------- Indian spinach (Kharif 2)Bed

ii: --- Cabbage (Rabi) -------- Brinjal (Kharif 1) -------- ------------Red amaranth (Kharif 2)Bed

iii: --- Tomato (Rabi) --------- Spinach (Kharif 1) ------------------Okra (Kharif 2)Bed

iv: --- Bitter gourd (Rabi) ----Ribbed gourd (Kharif 1) -----------sponge gourd (Kharif 2)Bed

v: --- Snake gourd (Rabi) --- Potato Yam (Kharif 1)

2. Roof: Bottle gourd - Wax gourd

3. Trellis: Bottle gourd - sweet gourd
4. Tree support: country bean - Yard long bean

5. Partial shady area: a. Elephant foot yam b. Leaf aroid (moulobi kachu) c.Ginger d. Perennial chilli,

6. Marshy land: Pani kachu

7. Fence: Bitter gourd - Yard long bean -Bitter gourd

8. Homestead boundary: a. Papaya (3-5 plant) b. Guava (1-2 plant) c. Lemon (1-2 plant)

9. Back yard/waste land: a. Laizna (I -2 tree) b. Plantain Banana (1-2 plant)